How to Register Internet Download Manager

How to Register Internet Download Manager

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Chapter 4: Output Devices Part 2

Chapter 4: Output Devices 

Part 2

Printers

The second most common form of computer output is printed documents. Although a computer can operate perfectly without a printer, it is certainly helpful to the user to have one. People often prefer to get printouts of the work they have done rather than to look at it on the screen it is considered a form of hard copy. 

Types of printers

There are two types of printers

1. Impact Printers
2. Non Impact Printers

1. Impact Printers

Impact printers produce output by striking a ribbon with a hammer. When the ribbon is hit a mark is made on the paper behind it. If carbon paper is put into the printer then an impact printer can print more than one copy of a document at a time. This feature is often used by companies when they print invoices, bills etc. Because of the hammering action impact printers are noisy when they are printing. 

a. Dot Matrix Printer

Dot matrix printers produce an image by hammering a column of 9 or 24 pins against a ribbon. Characters are produced as the print head (which contains the pins) moves across the page. 

Dot matrix printers are cheap to purchase and have low operating costs. The disadvantages of dot matrix printers are that the output quality is poor, it takes a long time to print a document and the noise can be irritating.

Dot Matrix Printer

b. Daisy Wheel Printer

Daisy wheel printers are hardly ever used any more. A daisy wheel printer hammers character stamps (like those on typewriters) against a ribbon to produce high quality text output. The character patterns are all arranged around the edge of a wheel. 

When a letter is to be printed the wheel rotates so that the correct letter is against the ribbon. A hammer then hits the letter against the ribbon to print it on the paper. Daisy wheel printers are very slow and noisy. It is not possible to print graphics using a daisy wheel printer.

Daisy Wheel Printer

c. Line Printer

Dot matrix and daisy wheel printers both print only one character at a time. For that reason they are called Character Printers. In contrast a line printer prints a whole line (typically 80 or 132 characters) of text at a time. These printers are very fast. They are expensive to buy and are used when high volumes of output are required. Example applications include printing telephone bills or bank statements. 

Line Printer

2. Non Impact Printer

Non-impact printers do not produce images by hammering pins or characters against the paper.

a. Ink Jet Printer

Ink jet printers are the most popular type of printer for use at home or in a small business. This is because they are relatively cheap to purchase and can print in color.Typically ink jet printers can produce 360 or 720 dots per inch (dpi). They are slower than laser printers (3ppm) and cost slightly more to run.

Ink Jet Printer

b. Laser Jet Printer

Laser printers are called Page Printers because they print a whole page at a time. A laser beam is used to draw the image to be printed onto a light sensitive Drum. After the image has been drawn on the drum a fine powder ink called Toner is put onto it. The toner only sticks where the laser has drawn the image. The paper then passes over the drum and the toner is transferred onto the paper. 

Laser printers produce very high quality output, are very quiet and very fast. Typical home laser printers can print 8 pages per minute (ppm). Some industrial versions print over 40ppm and can print on both sides of a piece of paper at the same time.

Laser Jet Printer

c. Thermal Printer

Thermal printers are no longer used as printers for PCs. They are however still used in some computer control systems, tills and in many fax machines. These printers print on special heat sensitive paper which is expensive. The image is produced from small dots which are made on the paper by heating it up. The quality is reasonable and graphics can be printed.

d. Photo Printer

A printer specialized for smaller prints such as 4x6" and 5x7".

Photo Printer

e. Mobile Printer

It is said to be "mobile" because it receive wireless signals to print. However, with ink-less printing technology, printers can be mobile in a more essential way. You can carry it around in a pocket or a purse, just like a cell phone.

Mobile Printer

3. Projectors

A Projector is an electro-optical machine which converts image data from a computer or video source to a bright image which is then imaged on a distant wall or screen using a lens system. The cost of a device is not only determined by its resolution, but also by its brightness. The projector serves the following purposes: 

>Visualization of data stored in a computer for presentations.
>Demonstration of program products for a large number of prospective customers.
>The projector replaces the white board as well as written documents. 

Projector

4. Headphone

Speakers and headset is used to get audio output. A system's speaker is the component that takes the electronic signal stored on things like CDs, tapes and DVDs and turns it back into actual sound that we can hear.

Headphone

5. Plotters

A plotter is like a printer that produces hard-copy output. Plotters, which produce high-quality color graphics. Plotters are usually categorized by whether they use pens to create images. A continuous-curve plotter is used to draw maps from stored data.

Plotter

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Chapter 4: Output Devices Part 1

CHAPTER 4: OUTPUT DEVICES

Part 1

What is Output?

Any hardware device used to show results after processing to any user and it use to send the results of processing to the user. Output can be audio, video and graphics.

Examples

1) Display Devices
     a) Monitor
          i) Monochrome
         ii) Color
                   (1) CRT
                   (2) LCD/LED
                   (3) Gas Plasma
                   (4) Touch Screen
     b) LCD
     c) LED

2) Printer
     a) Impact
          i) Dot Matrix
         ii) Line
        iii) Daisy Wheel
     b) Non Impact
          i) Ink Jet
         ii) Laser
        iii) Thermal
        iv) Photo
         v) Mobile Printer
3) Projectors
4) Speakers
5) Headphone

Examples

Output Devices

Display Devices

Monitor or display devices are used to get output on screen. It is like small television and available in different sizes and specifications. The text which is displayed on screen is called soft-copy. Like you are reading the current file is made by jabir ali is a soft copy.

Types of Monitor

There are majorly two type of monitor according to its specification. These are

1. Monochrome monitor
2. Color monitor

1. Monochrome Monitor

Monochrome monitor is based on a two colors one for foreground and second for background that can be green, white, black or gray etc… These types of monitors is same like the old mobile phones which have a single color in back ground with black text in display. See picture below.

Monochrome Display

2. Color Monitor

Color monitor is such monitor which is based on more than two colors. The basic colors in the monitors are three which are RGB stands for Red, Green and Blue. These basic colors a monitor can generate many other colors by the combination of these basic colors. By combinations it can make 256 colors. See picture below.

Color Monitor

a) CRT Monitors

The cathode ray tube (CRT) type monitors and makes use of the same technology as a television screen. A beam of electronics is fired from an electronic gun at the back of the tube. This strikes the front of the tube which is covered in phosphorus coated material which glows when struck by electrons. Between the electron gun and the screen the beam is modulated by a signal to produce the image you see on the screen. This tube required 25000 Volts to operate.

b) LCD/LED Monitors

The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitors bring lots of advantages when compared to the CRT ones. The first advantage which is also the most obvious one is the fact that the LCD monitors are smaller and have a smaller weight than the CRT monitors. 

The LCD monitors can be placed on the table and they use far less space than the CRT monitors. This is a great advantage. The picture quality of the LCD monitors will be increased as well which means that the movies will be displayed in a better quality and the games will have better colors.

In most of the cases the LCD monitors will have certain features which provide additional functionality. Some of the LCD monitors have USB (Universal Serial Bus) hubs, HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) input, TV tuner, and so on. The TV tuner is very important because you can use the computer for watching TV.

LED (Light Emitting Diodes) is like the LCD monitor but it uses LEDs instead of Liquid. These monitors are better than the LCD monitors.

LCD

c) Gas Plasma Monitors

A Plasma display is a computer video display in which each pixel on the screen is illuminated by a tiny bit of charged gas, like a tiny neon light. Plasma displays are better than LCD monitors.

Gas Plasma

d) Touch Screen

These monitors use touching of the screen as an input method. Items can be selected or moved with a finger, and finger gestures may be used to transmit commands.

Touch Screen

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Chapter 3 (Topic 2): Input Devices

CHAPTER 3: INPUT DEVICES

INPUT DEVICES

1. Digital Camera

A digital camera can be used to take pictures. It can be used with a computer to transfer the pictures from the camera to the computer. We can save these images where ever we want can be a Computer disk, CD, USB drive or can transfer from one computer to other computer or device.

Digital Camera

2. Web cam

A Web cam is a tiny digital video camera that usually fitted in the body of laptop computers. People use Web cams for videoconferencing and to send live images over the Internet.

Webcam

3. Digital Scanner

A scanner is used to copy pictures and documents or other things and save them as files on the computer. A scanner is similar to a photocopier, except that instead of producing a paper copy of the document you place on it, you get an electronic copy which appears on your computer screen. This is very important input device use to convert a hard-copy file (printed paper) to a soft-copy (image or display file).

Digital Scanner

4. Bio-metric Devices

A bio-metric device is any device that measures a biological function or characteristic. It identifies persons seeking access to a computing system by determining their physical characteristics through fingerprints, voice recognition, retina patterns, pictures, face recognition etc...

a. Voice Recognition

Voice input is inputting spoken words and converting them to digital form is typically performed via a microphone or headset. It can be used in conjunction with sound recorder software to store the voice in an audio file.

Voice Recognition

b. Thumb Impression

Bio-metrics can be defined as an automatic method for identification or identity verification of individuals using physiological characteristics.

Thumb Impression

c. Signature Verification System

Digital signature unit capture and save signatures as people sign on the LCD touch screens. These signatures can be saved for use to electronically sign documents, customer signature verification for employee authentication. 

Signature Verification

d. Retina Scanner

Retina scanner is used to map the unique patterns of a person's retina. It uses the unique patterns on a person's retina to identify them.

It is used for authentication and identification purposes. Retinal scanning has been utilized by several government agencies including the FBI, CIA, and NASA.

Retina Scanner

e. Face recognition

An ability to recognize people by their facial characteristics. The most advanced technology, which maps the characteristics of a person's face. The computer can differentiate the same person with different appearances; for example, with or without glasses and change of hair style.

Face Recognition

4. MIC/Headphone

Both are input devices which are related to audio input. These devices are used to enter sound in to the system for processing. It can be used in chatting, conferencing call and music.

MIC/Headphone

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How To Register Internet Download Manager 6.23

How To Register Internet Download Manager 6.23

First of all click the download button to download IDM 6.23 Registered.

Steps:

1. Extract the archeive file (IDM V6.23 registed)

Extract

2. Intall it

Install

3. Do not run this application otherwise it will not register.
close it from the system tray (Notification area)

Exit

4. If not exit goto task manager and select the from the process tab and click end process

Exit from task manager

End process

5. It will close now. Go to extracted folder again and copy 3 files from the crack floder

Copy files

6. Paste these files into the application installation directory

paste and replace

7. click copy and replace files ok ok ....
8. Run the key file and click yes

run key file and click yes

9. It will register
10. Run IDM now and
Enjoy:)

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Chapter 3 (Topic 1): Input Devices

CHAPTER 3: INPUT DEVICES

INPUT DEVICES

Input is any data or instructions entered to the computer. Input can be in the form of audio, video, graphics and animations and instructions.

WHAT ARE INPUT DEVICES?

Any hardware component used to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer.

1. Keyboard

2. Pointing Devices

    a. Mouse

          i. Optical Mouse

         ii. Wireless Mouse

        iii. Mechanical mouse

   b. Joystick

   c. Track Ball

   d. Touch Pad

   e. Touch Screen

   f. Digital Pen

   g. Light Pen

   h. Wheel

3. Digital Camera

4. Webcam

5. Digital Scanner

6. Biometric Devices

   a. Voice Recognition

   b. Thumb Impression

   c. Signature Verification System

   d. Retina Scanner

   e. Face Recognition

7. Mic/Headphone

Input Devices

1. Keyboard

You enter most input data into the computer by using a keyboard. This input method is similar to typing on a typewriter. Most typewriter and computer keyboards are QWERTY keyboards.

QWERTY Keyboard

DVORAK Keyboard

Explanation of keyboard

Keyboard keys consist of

• Alphabetic keys
• Numerical keys
• Symbols
•  Functional keys
•  Extra keys

Alphabetic keys: contain alphabets from A-Z & a-z

Numerical keys: contain numbers 0-9

Symbols keys: contain many symbols like !, @, #, $, % etc

Functional keys: contain f1-f12, design for special purpose will discuss latter.

Extra keys contain: Esc, Alt, Ctrl, Backspace, Enter etc…

Symbol Keys:

~ Approximate
& Ampersand
! Exclamation
* Asterisk
@ At the rate
( Open Parenthese
# Hash or Number
 ) Close Parenthese
$ Dollar
 _ Underscore
% Percentage
 \ Forward Slash
^ Power
 / Back Slash

Functional keys:

F1 Help

F2 BIOS Setup (Brand Dell) and Rename

F3 Search the files in windos explorer

F4 

F5 Refresh

F6 Goto address bar in windows explorer or web browser

F7 

F8 

F9

F10

F11 Full Screen preview for current window

F12 

Extra keys

Scroll Lock:
Pause Break: Pause and play the game
TAB: Tabulation
Delete: To delete the selected item
Enter: To enter into the program window
Alt: Alternate
Esc: (Escape) Cancel the function of context menu, error messages, rename etc…
Print screen: Capture the screen
Caps Lock: Capitals the alphabet keys
Shift: Shift the button to another state
Ctrl: Control
Backspace: One step back
Window: Open the start

2. Pointing Devices

A pointing device is an input device which is used to control a pointer on a screen. Pointer is a small symbol on a screen. CAD systems and graphical user interfaces (GUI) allow the user to control and provide data to the computer using physical gestures click, and drag. 

Mouse

Mouse is an input device that fits under palm of hand and controls movement of pointer.

Left Click (L.C) Single To select icon and to select the options

Left Click (L.C) double To open the icon

Right Click (R.C) Single Open the context menu

Three types of mouse

1. Optical

An optical mouse uses a light-emitting (laser) to detect movement relative to the underlying surface.

Optical Mouse

2. Wireless

Wireless mouse usually work via Bluetooth commonly wireless mouse require two components to work properly a Bluetooth transmitter and a Bluetooth receiver.

Wireless Mouse

3. Mechanical

The mouse that contains a metal or rubber ball on its under side. When the ball is rolled in any direction, sensors inside the mouse detect this motion and move the on-screen mouse pointer in the same direction.

Mechanical Mouse

Joystick

A joystick is a pointing device often used for playing games. The joystick has a gearshift lever that is used to move the pointer on the screen. On most joysticks, a button on the top is used to select options. In industry and manufacturing, joysticks are used to control robots. Flight simulators and other training simulators also use joysticks.

Joystick

Track Ball

A trackball is like an upside-down mouse. Used similarly to the mouse, the trackball is frequently attached to or built into the keyboard.

Track Ball

Touch Pad

A touch pad is a device for pointing (controlling input positioning) on a computer display screen. It is an alternative to the mouse. A touch pad works by sensing the user's finger movement and downward pressure.

Touch Pad

Touch Screen

A touch screen is a computer display screen that is also an input device. The screens are sensitive to pressure; a user interacts with the computer by touching pictures or options on the screen.

Touch Screen

Digital Pen

A digital pen is a battery operated writing instrument that allows the user to digitally capture a handwritten note or drawing.

Digital Pen

Light Pen

The user brings the pen to the desired point on screen and presses the pen button to make contact.

Light Pen

Wheel

Steering wheels are gaming devices used in driving games. All steering wheel controllers come with a wheel, accelerator, and brake.

Wheel

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Chapter 2 (Topic 2): Inside the System Unit

CHAPTER 2: HARDWARE

Topic 2: Inside the System Unit

The system unit is the main case of a computer. In general, the system unit contains a CPU, several types of memory, interfaces to connect external peripheral devices (such as printers), and other components all interconnected through sets of wires called buses on the motherboard.

Inside the System Unit

Motherboard:

The main circuit board inside the system unit is called the motherboard. The motherboard has a variety of chips, boards, and connectors attached to it. Typically, external devices (such as monitors, keyboards, mouse, and printers) connect to the motherboard by plugging into a port. A port is a special connector exposed through the exterior of the system unit case.

The Power Supply and Drive Bays:

The power supply unit gives the supply of current to the mother board and the other attached devices in the main system unit. Most of computers (such as desktop computers) also contain drive bays (rectangular metal racks) inside the system unit into which storage devices (a hard drive and DVD drive) can be inserted. Storage devices inside the system unit are connected via a cable to the motherboard. Many desktop computers come with empty drive bays so users can add additional storage devices as needed.

Central Processing Unit (CPU):

The computer’s brain or heart, the CPU is a computer’s main chip. The CPU is also called the microprocessor. Most personal computers today use CPUs manufactured by Intel or Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). In earlier the names were actually based on numbers like 8088. The next few name in the series the 286, the 386, and the 486, were actually just shortened names for 80286, 80386, and 80486. Then, what would have been the 586 was dubbed the Pentium. After that, the names became moderately strange: Pentium and Pentium Pro. Finally, the names returned to Pentium 2, Pentium 3, and Pentium 4. Intel makes most CPUs. In fact, Intel is the company that came up with the name Pentium. However, AMD Technology is other well-known CPU manufacturer. Their CPUs are less expensive and use a different naming system (such as the AMD Athlon and the AMD Duron). Intel actually makes a less expensive version of the Pentium as well, which it calls the Celeron. The Celeron does what the Pentium does, but not as quickly. The CPU is really nothing more than an incredibly fast and powerful calculator. 

AMD Duron Processor: It has less built-in memory and is designed for people on a budget.

AMD Athon Processor: The Athlon processor is equivalent to Pentium processors but only it’s less expensive.

Intel Celeron Processor: Intel’s Celeron CPU is an inexpensive processor designed for people on budget. Celeron processors are very similar to Pentium processors, but they have less built-in memory. 

Intel Pentium I, II, III and 4 Processors: Launched in 1999, Pentium 4 CPUs are still found in some new computers.

Multi-core CPU: A CPU that contains the processing components or core of more than one processor in a single CPU.

Dual-core CPU: A CPU that contains two separate processing cores.

Quad-core CPU: A CPU that contains four separate processing cores.

While CPUs just a few years ago used 32-bit words (referred to as 32-bit processors), most CPUs today are 64-bit processors (that is, they are capable of using 64-bit words, in addition to 32-bit words). Usually, a larger word size allows for faster processing and the use of more RAM, provided the software being used is written to take advantage of 64-bit processing. Computer with a 64-bit processor running the 64-bit version of the Windows operating system can use more RAM and has a higher performance than the same computer running the regular 32-bit version of Windows.

Cache Memory:

Cache memory is a special group of very fast memory circuitry located on to the CPU. Cache memory is used to speed up processing by storing the data and instructions that may be needed next by the CPU.

Bus Width, Bus Speed, and Bandwidth

A bus is an electronic path over which data can travel. There are buses inside the CPU, as well as on the motherboard. You can picture a bus as a highway with several lanes; each wire in the bus acts as a separate lane, transmitting one bit at a time. The number of bits being transmitted at one time is dependent on the bus width. Just as a wider highway allows more cars to travel at one time, a wider bus allows more data to be transferred at one time.

Bus Width

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